Campuses:

<span class=strong>Reception and Poster Session</span><br><br/><br/><b>Poster submissions welcome from all participants</b><br><br/><br/><a<br/><br/>href=/visitor-folder/contents/workshop.html#poster><b>Instructions</b></a>

Monday, November 29, 2010 - 4:00pm - 5:30pm
Lind 400
  • Scalable electromagnetic simulations with the

    Auxiliary-space Maxwell Solver (AMS)
    Tzanio Kolev (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
    Second-order definite Maxwell problems arise in many practical applications, such as the modeling of electromagnetic diffusion in ALE-MHD simulations. Typically, these problems are discretized with Nedelec finite elements resulting in a large sparse linear system which is challenging for linear solvers due to the large nullspace of curl-operator. In this poster we describe our work on the Auxiliary-space Maxwell Solver (AMS) which is a provably efficient scalable code for solving definite Maxwell problems based on the recent Hiptmair-Xu (HX) decomposition of the lowest-order Nedelec space. We demonstrate the scalability of the method and its robustness with respect to jumps in material coefficients. We also report some results from recent work on the algebraic extension of the AMS algorithm and theory to linear systems obtained by explicit element reduction.
  • Robin-Robin domain decomposition methods for

    Stokes-Darcy model
    Xiaoming He (Missouri University of Science and Technology)
    Two parallel domain decomposition methods for solving the coupled Stokes-Darcy model are proposed and analyzed. One is for a steady state Stokes-Darcy model with BJ condition and the other one is for a time-dependent Stokes-Darcy model with BJS condition. Robin boundary conditions are utilized to decouple the Stokes and Darcy parts of the system. Two numerical examples are used to illustrate the features of the two methods and confirm the theoretical results respectively.
  • Convergence and optimality of adaptive finite element methods
    Christian Kreuzer (Universität Duisburg-Essen)
    We present convergence and optimality results for a standard AFEM

      SOLVE -> ESTIMATE -> MARK -> REFINE.

    The results range from plain convergence for inf-sup problems to
    contraction properties and quasi-optimal rates of an AFEM with Dorfler
    marking for elliptic problems.
    Beyond that we show how these results can be used to design convergent
    adaptive methods for a linear parabolic pde and a nonlinear stationary
    Stokes problem.
  • H-LU factorization of stabilized saddle point problems
    Sabine Le Borne (Tennessee Technological University)
    The (mixed finite element) discretization of the linearized Navier-Stokes
    equations leads to a linear system of equations of saddle point type.
    The iterative solution of this linear system requires the construction
    of suitable preconditioners, especially in the case of high Reynolds
    numbers. In the past, a stabilizing approach has been suggested which
    does not change the exact solution but influences the accuracy of
    the discrete solution as well as the effectiveness of iterative solvers.
    This stabilization technique can be performed on the continuous side before
    the discretization,
    where it is known as grad-div stabilization, as well as on the discrete
    side where it is known as an augmented Lagrangian technique
    (and does not change the discrete solution).

    We study the applicability of H-LU factorizations to solve the
    arising subproblems in the different variants of stabilized saddle point
    systems.
  • A comparison of two domain decomposition methods for a

    linearized contact problem
    Jungho Lee (Argonne National Laboratory)
    We compare two domain decomposition methods for a linearized contact
    problem. The first method we consider has been used in an engineering
    community; we provide theoretical and numerical evidence that this
    method is not scalable with respect to the number of subdomains
    (processors). We propose a scalable alternative and analyze its
    properties, both theoretically and numerically. We also solve a model
    problem using a combination of a primal-dual active set method, viewed
    as a semismooth Newton method, and the scalable alternative.
  • 3D boundary integral analysis by a precorrected fast Fourier transform algorithm
    Sylvain Nintcheu Fata (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
    An acceleration of a Galerkin boundary integral equation (BIE)
    method for solving the three-dimensional Laplace equation is
    investigated in the context of the precorrected fast Fourier
    transform (PFFT) scheme. The PFFT technique is an
    algorithm for rapid computation of the
    dense matrix-vector products arising in an iterative solution
    of discretized integral equations. In the PFFT method, the
    problem domain is overlaid with a
    regular Cartesian grid that serves as an auxiliary platform for
    computation. With the aid of the fast Fourier transform (FFT)
    procedure, the necessary influence matrices of the discretized
    problem are rapidly evaluated on the Fourier grid in a
    sparse manner resulting in a significant reduction in execution
    time and computer memory requirements.


    This research was supported by the Office of Advanced
    Scientific Computing Research,
    U.S. Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725
    with UT-Battelle, LLC.
  • Finite element analysis and a fast solver approach to a nonlocal dielectric continuum model
    Dexuan Xie (University of Wisconsin)
    The nonlocal continuum dielectric model is an important extension of the classical Poisson dielectric model. This poster will report some recent results we made on the finite element analysis and fast solver development for one commonly-used nonlocal continuum dielectric model. We first prove that the finite element equation of this model has the unique solution but leads to a dense linear system, which is very expansive to be solved. Surprisingly, we then discover and prove that such a dense linear system can be converted to a system of two sparse finite element equations in a form similar to the standard mixed finite element equation. In this way, fast numerical solvers can be developed to solve the nonlocal continuum dielectric model in an optimal order. Some numerical results in free energy calculation will also be presented to demonstrate the great promise of nonlocal dielectric modeling in improving the accuracy of the classic Poisson dielectric model in computing electrostatic potential energies. This project is a joined work with Prof. Ridgeway Scott, Peter Brune, (both from University of Chicago), and Yi Jiang under the support of NSF grant #DMS-0921004.
  • An efficient rearrangement algorithm for shape

    optimization on eigenvalue problems
    Chiu-Yen Kao (The Ohio State University)
    In this poster, an efficient rearrangement algorithm is proposed to find the optimal shape and topology for eigenvalue problems in an inhomogeneous media. The method is based on Rayleigh quotient formulation of eigenvalue and a monotone iteration process to achieve the optimality. The common numerical approach for these problems is to start with an initial guess for the shape and then gradually evolve it, until it morphs into the optimal shape. One of the difficulties is that the topology of the optimal shape is unknown. Developing numerical techniques which can automatically handle topology changes becomes essential for shape and topology optimization problems. The level set approach based on both shape derivatives and topological derivatives has been well known for its ability to handle topology changes. However, CFL constrain significantly slows down the algorithm when the mesh is further refined. Due to the efficient rearrangement, the new method not only has the ability of topological changes but also is exempt from CFL condition. We provides numerous numerical examples to demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our approach.
  • Two-level additive Schwarz preconditioners for a weakly over-penalized symmetric interior penalty method
    Eun-Hee Park (Louisiana State University)
    The weakly over-penalized symmetric interior penalty (WOPSIP) method was introduced for second order elliptic problems by Brenner et al. in 2008. It belongs to the family of discontinuous Galerkin methods. We will discuss two-level additive Schwarz preconditioners for the WOPSIP method. The key ingredient of the two-level additive Schwarz preconditioner is the construction of the subdomain solvers and the coarse solver. In our approach, we consider different choices of coarse spaces and intergrid transfer operators. It is shown that the condition number estimates previously obtained for classical finite element methods also hold for the WOPSIP method. Numerical results will be presented, which illustrate the parallel performance of these preconditioners.

    This is joint work with Andrew T. Barker, Susanne C. Brenner, and Li-yeng Sung.
  • Adaptivity for the Hodge decomposition of Maxwell's

    equations

    Recently a new numerical method for the two-dimensional
    Maxwell's equation based on the Hodge decomposition for
    divergence-free vector fields has been introduced by Brenner,
    Cui, Nan and Sung. The advantage of this new approach is that
    an approximation of the vector field is obtained by solving
    several standard second order scalar elliptic boundary value
    problems instead of using more complicated methods. For the
    linear Courant finite elements standard energy residual type a
    posteriori error techniques can be applied to obtain guaranteed
    upper bounds for the L2-error. For smooth solutions a duality
    argument shows reliability of an L2 residual type a posteriori
    error estimator for the H(curl)-error. A dual weighted residual
    error estimator is derived for singular solutions. Numerical
    experiments verify reliability and show empirically efficiency
    of the proposed error estimators. It is shown that adaptive
    mesh-refinement numerically leads to optimal convergence rates
    for general domains that are non-convex and may include holes.
  • Domain decomposition preconditioning for the hp-version

    of the discontinuous Galerkin method
    Paola Antonietti (Politecnico di Milano)
    We address the problem of efficiently solving the algebraic
    linear systems of equations arising from
    the discretization of a symmetric, elliptic boundary value
    problem using hp discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods.
    We introduce a class of domain decomposition preconditioners based
    on the Schwarz framework, and prove bounds on the condition
    number of the resulting iteration operators. Numerical results
    confirming the theoretical estimates are also presented.

    Joint work with
    Paul Houston, University of Nottingham, UK.
  • Fast adaptive collocation by radial basis functions
    Tobin Driscoll (University of Delaware)
    Radial basis
    functions provide flexible, meshfree approximations to functions and
    solutions of differential equations. Naive algorithms suffer from
    dense linear algebra and severe ill conditioning. Simple multiscale
    adaptive techniques for the nodes and shape parameters have previously
    proven very effective in controlling ill conditioning for small node
    sets. We present a new fast summation method suitable for adaptively
    generated basis functions with varying shape parameters. When coupled
    with an easily parallelized restricted additive Schwarz
    preconditioner, the method can find RBF coefficients in near O(N log
    N) time for N nodes.
  • Energy minimization algebraic multigrid: Robustness and

    flexibility in multilevel software
    Ray Tuminaro (Sandia National Laboratories)
    Energy minimization provides a general framework for developing a family of multigrid algorithms.
    The proposed strategy is applicable to Hermitian, non-Hermitian, definite, and indefinite problems.
    Each column of the grid transfer operator P is minimized in an energy-based norm while enforcing two types of constraints: a defined sparsity pattern and preservation of specified modes in the range of P. A Krylov-based
    strategy is used to minimize energy, which is equivalent to solving A P = 0 with the constraints ensuring a
    nontrivial solution. For the Hermitian positive definite case, a conjugate gradient-based (CG)
    method is utilized to construct grid transfers, while methods based on generalized minimum residual
    (GMRES) and CG on the normal equations (CGNR) are explored for the general case.

    One of the main advantages of the approach is that it is flexible, allowing for arbitrary coarsenings,
    unrestricted sparsity patterns, straightforward long distance interpolation, and general use of constraints,
    either user-defined or auto-generated. We illustrate how this flexibility can be used to adapt an
    algebraic multigrid scheme to an extended finite element discretization suitable for modeling fracture.
    Computational results are presented illustrate that this particular energy minimization scheme gives rise
    to mesh independent convergence rates and is relatively insensitive to the number and location of cracks
    being modeled.
  • Multigrid methods for two-dimensional Maxwell's equations on graded meshes
    Jintao Cui (University of Minnesota, Twin Cities)
    In this work we investigate the numerical solution for
    two-dimensional Maxwell's equations on graded meshes.
    The approach is based on the Hodge decomposition. The solution
    u of Maxwell's equations is approximated by
    solving standard second order elliptic problems. Quasi-optimal
    error estimates for both u and
    curl of u in the L2 norm are obtained on graded meshes. We
    prove the uniform convergence of the W-cycle and
    full multigrid algorithms for the resulting discrete problem.
  • Two-level additive Schwarz preconditioners for the local discontinuous

    Galerkin method
    Andrew Barker (Louisiana State University)
    We propose and analyze two-level overlapping additive Schwarz
    preconditioners for the local discontinuous Galerkin discretization. We
    prove a condition number estimate and show numerically that the method is
    scalable in terms of linear iterations. We also present numerical
    evidence that a parallel implementation of the method shows good
    scalability and speedup.
  • Adaptive solution of parametric eigenvalue problems for partial differential equations

    Eigenvalue problems for partial differential equations (PDEs) arise in a large number of current technological applications, e.g., in the computation of the acoustic field inside vehicles (such as cars, trains or airplanes). Another current key application is the noise compensation in highly efficient motors and turbines. For the analysis of standard adaptive finite element methods an exact solution of the discretized algebraic eigenvalue problem is required, and the error and complexity of the algebraic eigenvalue problems are ignored. In the context of eigenvalue problems these costs often dominate the overall costs and because of that, the error estimates for the solution of the algebraic eigenvalue problem with an iterative method have to be included in the adaptation process. The goal of our work is to derive adaptive methods of optimal complexity for the solution of PDE-eigenvalue problems including problems with parameter variations in the context of homotopy methods. In order to obtain low (or even optimal) complexity methods, we derive and analyse methods that adapt with respect to the computational grid, the accuracy of the iterative solver for the algebraic eigenvalue problem, and also with respect to the parameter variation. Such adaptive methods require the investigation of a priori and a posteriori error estimates in all three directions of adaptation. As a model problem we study eigenvalue problems that arise in convection-diffusion problems. We developed robust a posteriori error estimators for the discretization as well as for the iterative solver errors, first for self-adjoint second order eigenvalue problems (undamped problem, diffusion problem), and then bring in the non-selfadjoint part (damping, convection) via a homotopy, where the step-size control for the homotopy is included in the adaptation process.
  • A jumping multigrid method via finite element extrapolation
    Shangyou Zhang (University of Delaware)
    The multigrid method solves the finite element equations in optimal
    order, i.e., solving a linear system of $O(N)$ equations in
    $O(N)$ arithmetic operations.
    Based on low level solutions, we can use finite element extrapolation
    to obtain the high-level finite element solution on some
    coarse-level element boundary, at an higher accuracy $O(h_i4)$.
    Thus, we can solve higher level $(h_j, j\underset{\sim}{ finite element problems locally on each such
    coarse-level element.
    That is, we can skip the finite element problem
    on middle levels, $h_{i+1},h_{i+2},\dots, h_{j-1}$.
    Roughly speaking,
    such a jumping multigrid method solves an order $O(N)=O(2^{2di})$
    linear system of equations by
    a memory of $O(\sqrt N)=O(2^{di})$, and by a parallel computation
    of $O(\sqrt N)$, where $d$ is the space dimension.

  • Hypre: A scalable linear solver library
    Ulrike Yang (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
    Hypre is a software library for solving large, sparse linear systems of equations on massively parallel computers. The library was created with the primary goal of providing users with advanced parallel preconditioners. The library features parallel multigrid solvers for both structured and unstructured grid problems. For ease of use, these solvers are accessed from the application code via hypre’s conceptual linear system interfaces, which allow a variety of natural problem descriptions. The motivation for the design of hypre, an overview of its interfaces and some of its performance highlights are presented.