This paper discusses topics that have recently been of interest in ocean acoustic inverse problems, including remote sensing and localization problems. A technique for navigating parameter landscapes is useful for solving high-dimensional optimization problems involving long valleys. Localization techniques have been developed for handling multiple sources, interference from ambient noise, and other complications. Efficient techniques have been developed for solving forward problems, which often involve large domains and are nonseparable. Ocean sediments may be modeled as poro-elastic media, which support three types of waves. Global-scale acoustic experiments have been proposed for monitoring global warming. Techniques for solving global-scale acoustics problems have been adapted to Jovian acoustics problems.

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